Home Alone?

As a young man I loved the movie “Home Alone”.  In the movie the main character’s parents are so focused on getting ready for their big trip that Kevin, is forgotten and left home alone. Initially Kevin believes it is his wish come true to no longer have his family around. His excitement soon disappears and  he finds himself fending off potential robbers.  I hope this blog is a reminder to consider your pets in your vacation plans. With some advance planning you and your pet can have a safe and stress free time and no one will be forgotten home alone.

Tip#1 – Look into Pet Sitters and Boarding facilities in advance.

It is surprising how fast boarding facilities and pet sitters get booked.  If you make plans in advance, you will have your first choice of who is looking after your pet. This will allow you to enjoy your vacation knowing your pet is safe and loved.

Tip #2 - Provide Emergency Information
Having the following information on file can alleviate unnecessary panic in case of an emergency.:

• Phone number where you can be reached.
• Name and phone number of someone near the boarding facility who has the authorization to make health care decisions if you are unable to be reached.
• Name and phone number of outside veterinarians who have permission to provide information if there are questions that arise about the medical history and care of pet.

Tip #3 - Prior Check of Health Records

Check your pet’s health records to confirm that vaccinations are up-to-date. The typically recommended core and noncore vaccination requirements for boarding animals are as follows:

Dog’s Core:

• Canine Distemper
• Infectious Hepatitis
• Canine Parvovirus
• Rabies
• Bordetella often required to board your pet. It prevents Kennel Cough

Noncore:

• Canine Parainfluenza

Cat's Core

• Feline Panleukopenia
• Feline Herpesvirus
• Feline Calicivirus   
• Rabies

Since vaccination immunity can take days to weeks to fully develop, to provide pets with their best chance for protection, vaccinations should be given two to four weeks before they enter the boarding facility.

Tip #4 - Help Ease the Stress
Leaving your pet at a boarding facility can be a very stressful event for both you and your pet, especially if this is the first boarding experience. the following suggestions to help Here are a few suggestions to reduce any transition anxiety.

• Arrive at the facility before the final closing minutes of the day in case there are questions.
• Bring the pet’s own food, clearly marked with instructions for feeding amount.
• Label any medications clearly and include instructions for the dosage.
• Bring a blanket, towel, or shirt that reminds them of home.
• Bring a favorite toy.

Tip #5. Things to consider with a Pet Sitter

When talking with prospective caregivers, pet parents should direct their focus on obtaining information from the answers to questions such as the following:

• What services do they offer? For example: grooming, walking, training, exercising, playing, cleaning up after pet, taking pet to appointments, taking pet to veterinarian if it gets sick, live-in services?
• Will they provide a written contract that explicitly identifies responsibilities, services, and fees charged?
• Do they carry commercial liability insurance that covers accidents and negligence? Can they provide written proof? Are they bonded? Can they provide proof?
• What training do they have for this position? For example: CPR, First Aid?
• What is the back-up plan established for continuing the care of your pet in case the sitter becomes ill, has car trouble, or has other difficulties that keep them from their responsibilities? How do you interview this person? What are their qualifications?
• Can they provide a list of references along with the contact information that includes client names and phone numbers?

To Your Pet’s good health,

Dr. Barry

Dr Barry’s Tips for Motion Sickness

Before I was a Veterinarian and I was newly married, my wife and I traveled from Memphis Tennessee to Birmingham Alabama to visit my parents. We decided to bring Benny, our pug, with us.  We had no idea the 4-hour ride would be so hard for Benny.  He panted nonstop, drooled and whimpered the whole ride. What we didn’t know was that Benny was suffering from motion sickness.

Many cats and dogs suffer from motion sickness when traveling. Air, boat, or car, the mode of transportation doesn’t seem to matter when an animal suffers from motion sickness.

What causes motion sickness? There are 4 Main causes:

#1. AGE

When motion sickness occurs in young animals, it’s often related to the immature development of the parts of its inner ear, specifically those involved in balance. When this is the case, the problem is often outgrown by the time the animal reaches its first birthday.

If your pet continues to have issues as it gets older, motion sickness may be caused by:

#2. ANXIETY

Some pets experience motion sickness because they have learned to associate being in the vehicle with a stressful event. For instance, if a pet only rides in a vehicle when it is taken to a boarding kennel or to the veterinarian, it may relate travelling to being separated from family or getting its shots. This worry may lead to stomach upset that results in vomiting and, sometimes, diarrhea.

#3. TRAUMA

Motion sickness can also be triggered by something a pet goes through when it is young. If the first rides of a puppy or kitten are traumatic or frightening, the pet may continue to relate traveling with being scared and may experience bouts of motion sickness throughout its entire adult life.

#4. MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Motion sickness may also be related to issues involving a pet’s health, for example:

• Infections of the middle- or inner-ear
• Vestibular disease
• Medication side effects of vomiting or diarrhea.

What are the Signs of Motion Sickness?

There are easily observable signs that indicate an animal has motion sickness and is about to vomit. These include:

• Restlessness
• Excessive drooling
• Lethargy
• Yawning
• Nausea.

SEVEN TIPS TO EASE DISCOMFORT CAUSED BY MOTION SICKNESS

Tip #1.If your pet acts as if it is going to vomit, stop the vehicle and take the pet for a walk. It may provide some temporary relief

Tip #2. Most pets travel best on an empty stomach, withhold food and water for 12 hours before travel begins

Tip #3. Place animal in a carrier that has been padded with a blanket from home

Tip #4. Keep the vehicle cool and quiet; avoid playing loud music

Tip #5. Choose a travel route that’s smooth, not bumpy, with minimal stops and turns.

Tip #6. Ease your pet’s anxiety:

• Start by taking them on several short trips to help them become accustomed to being in the vehicle
• Travel with them to fun places, such as the dog park or to an area where they can join you to hike or play in water
• Give pet a toy that it enjoys, but reserve it for use only during travel times

Tip #7. If your pet does get sick, it will stress less if your remain calm

You can seek your Veterinarian’s help:

If your pet remains susceptible to the effects of motion sickness, there are various prescription medicines, over-the-counter drugs, and natural therapies that may be tried. However, certain treatments that work well with dogs are not as helpful with cats, so it is advised to first talk with the veterinarian. 

Motion sickness may not be something your pet can control, but the above information will help you make traveling with your pet less stressful for you and your pet. 

To Your pet’s good health,

Dr. Barry

THE ATTACK OF THE TABLE SHARK

July 28th marks the beginning of Discovery Channel’s Shark Week. We are simultaneously fearful and fascinated with these creatures of the deep. However, what do you do when a four-legged furry friend, known as the table shark, exhibits those same predatory tendencies with your lunch/snack/dinner? To celebrate Shark Week I thought we would share tips to tame your four legged table shark. 

TIPS TO TRAIN THE TOP OFFENDERS

Dogs are the number one culprits of table sharking. When a dog “counter-surfs” and successfully finds and takes food, he learns that searching for food anywhere and everywhere ends in reward. As a result, the reinforced behavior becomes difficult to reverse. However, there are a few things that can be done to combat this behavior. The American Kennel Club offers these tips:

1. Remove the opportunity. If not, even a crumb is left on the countertop, the dog will eventually stop coming, similar to the effect of leaving a bird feeder empty. Eventually, the birds will stop coming.
2. Reward him for resisting. When you see the dog roaming the kitchen, train him to go back to his place and reward him for it.
3. Teach him “leave it.” Whenever you see the dog sniffing for food, use the command “leave it” to train him to back away. 

WHAT ABOUT CATS?

Is there anything more futile than telling a cat what to do? Cats have a reputation for doing things their way and attempting to discipline a cat will more often than not lead to failure and a lousy relationship with the cat. If your cat is climbing on countertops or furniture, you can try a homeopathic solution. Essential oils can work as a great repellant. Here are a few examples that you can try that you will enjoy but your cat will avoid:

• Eucalyptus oils a scent that will keep your cat across the room. The scent is minty with a hint of honey, which humans love, and cats hate.
• Citronella is known for keeping mosquitoes away, but cats also wince at the smell. You will want to keep this off your skin and your cat’s skin; therefore, the best use is a candle on the kitchen countertop.
• Citrus is another effective repellant that people love, and cats do not. Lemon and orange are found in many natural cleaning agents. You can simply use these to clean the kitchen, and your cat will likely avoid that area.

There are also essential oils that can keep a cat in places of which owners approve. Catnip and valerian root are highly attractive to cats. Placing a tiny drop on a cat bed or a scratching post will certainly lure a cat to that area.

STOP THE BEGGING.

Dogs are known for begging for food. They often inch closer and closer, testing the boundaries before they reach for a bite. There are ways to avoid this kind of behavior:

• Ignoring him can be very effective. Don’t make eye contact. Don’t give in even once. If you have fed him in the past, be prepared for an extinction burst, a flurry of activity that happens when behavior no longer gains the rewards it previously did.
• Train your dog to love a nonfood positive reinforcement for behavior. For example, you can use a clicker to treat your dog to associate lying on a mat with getting a treat; thereby isolating treat rewards to a specific area.
• Use baby gates or a food puzzle toy to occupy your dog while you eat. This is an effective method to use while training.

The key to success is finding the right technique for your pet and you. Above are just a few you can try.

To Your Pet’s Good Health,

Dr. Barry

Sources:

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/training/common-behavior-issues/how-to-prevent-your-dog-from-stealing-food/

https://www.emaxhealth.com/13638/3-essential-oils-keep-cats-furniture-naturally

https://www.petcha.com/stop-dogs-begging-food/

https://www.southbostonanimalhospital.com/blog/how-to-teach-your-dog-to-stop-begging-for-food

The Most Unwanted Gift from Your Cat!

Have you ever been the recipient of an unwanted gift and just thought to yourself...Why on earth would someone think I would want this for a gift? It could have been a toaster, bright lime green pants, a gym membership or a fruit cake.  It could be different things for different people but in the end we all feel the same, we would rather the gift giver had not gifted it.  Cat’s can be the bearers of gifts we don’t want hairballs, dead birds or mice or even their urine.  The last gift may be a surprise to you but in some cases cats spray or urinate inappropriately and they don’t see it as a bad thing. Unfortunately for us, cats do not think their urine smells bad and in their eyes if it makes them feel better so why would it be a bad thing for us. This can make breaking cats of either of these habits difficult.

There is a difference between spraying and inappropriate urination. Although both involve your cat urinating in a displeasing way, spraying usually involves a smaller amount of urine sprayed vertically hitting furntirue or walls. In appropriate urination involves a puddle of  urine on the floor or bedding or carpet and is in place of your cat going to the bathroom in it’s litter box.

Spraying, also referred to as urine marking is a very disturbing thing to discover and this rude awakening usually occurs when you realize that your furniture and walls have been anointed with urine.

Both male and female cats spray, but an unaltered male is usually the culprit. A cat that sprays will still use the litter box so you really don’t suspect that your cat may be spraying  until you smell urine but don’t see any evidence on the floor. You will notice several of these behaviors when your cat is spraying:

• Cat will back up to a vertical surface and be in standing position
• Tail will be held straight up
• Tail may be quivering
• Feet may be treading
• A straight and fine spray of urine will hit the vertical surface between one to two feet from the ground
• Some cats make vocalizations

So Why is your Cat Spraying?

A cat most often may feel the need to spray due to issues involving: 

Territory:

The most common cause of spraying is simply inherent behaviors over territory.

• Usually, when a cat feels it needs to establish its territory, it will rub an object with its chin and tail to deposit pheromones that identify itself, but some cats mark their territory by spraying
• Stress: if your cat feels stress within the boundaries it feels are its territory, your cat may spray to mark their territory. The most important thing to realize is that spraying makes your cat feel better. According to Dr. Cathy Lund of City Kitty, ”That is why stress and anxiety, which bring on insecurity, fear, and timidity, can cause your cat to spray. “What they are doing is trying to feel more secure,” Dr. Lund explains. “So the important concept for cat owners to realize is that their cat doesn’t think their urine smells bad. (Spraying) makes cats feel more content.”
• Changes to or a Crowded Territory: Bringing a new cat into the household may result in either cat spraying out of stress or marking it’s territory. The same is true for any multi cat household. If a cat feels crowded in its environment they may spray which can result in a territory marking competition and cause the other cats to spray. Or if your cat’s routine suddenly changes or if there are changes to your household routine this can cause stress resulting in spraying. For example: visitors especially guest with young children, a new pet/dog, new home, construction or renovation of the home, large gathering of people
• Threats to its territory: An indoor cat that observes an outside animal coming close to its home may spray out of defense. An indoor cat becomes defensive, may run to the door, may hiss or growl, will show intensity while watching the animal they feel is intruding, indoor cat may spray to identify its territory, an outdoor cat may also spray for the same reasons.

Spraying may not be caused by territory: There is a possibility that your cat may be spraying for other reasons:

Possible Medical Issues:

1. Cystitis or urinary or bladder infection
2. Crystals in the urine
3. Bladder stones

• Any other condition that may cause inflammation of the bladder

       Breeding drive

• Most common in unaltered cats, the animals may spray during mating season and during courtship

• Indoor males that catch the scent of a female in heat
• Females in heat that are looking for an out of reach, or outside male

  Litter Box Issues

• This reason is not as common a cause of spraying and more frequently a cause of inappropriate urination outside the litter box. There is a generally accepted rule on how many litter boxes to have in your home. One litter box per cat per level of your home. It is important to keep the litter box clean daily, and to have the right size and shape of litter box. Your cat should be able to jump in and out easily and turn around in the litter box.

Treatment

It is important to note that your first response to your cat spraying or urinating inappropriately should be to take your cat to the veterinarian for a physical exam to rule out any medical issues.

1. Neuter and spay your cats. When not neutered, even the most docile cat will begin to spray eventually. In most cases, if an animal is spayed or neutered before it reaches six months of age, the time when most spraying behavior begins, the operation will usually eliminate this problem.

If your cat is already spayed or neutered they may benefit from:

2.Environment modification by identifying and removing the cause that is eliciting the spraying, for example:

• Preventing the indoor cat from seeing the outdoor animals by:
  • Not feeding the outdoor animal where it can be seen
  • Blocking the view from the window with curtains, blinds, or closing the door
  • Reducing conflict between indoor cats:
    • Separate the animals to different rooms or parts of the home
    • Reduce the number of animals
    • Offer additional territory, such as through multi-tier cat trees
    • Add an additional litter box

          When animal is stressed because of changes to its routine:

• If possible, ahead of time, move cat to a quieter part of the home, one that is away from the work noise or party noise
• Make sure the cat has a place to go where it can get away from a noisy, chasing puppy or young child

3.Application of substances in locations of spraying that repel the cat, for instance:

• Spraying the area with commercial cat repellent
• Mothballs placed in tied cloth bags and left in areas
• Placing an upside-down plastic carpet runner around the area with points up so the cat is uncomfortable walking upon it

4.Cleaning the sprayed area: Scrub the area with an enzymatic deodorizer like, AOE or Urine Away.

Dr. Lund suggests that “Spraying is a complicated problem and requires a multi-pronged solution. She recommends taking “a shotgun approach to solve it,” This means ruling out medical causes, addressing possible harassment from other cats, keeping the litter box pristine, and trying an anti-anxiety medication like Prozac.” In addition to medications like Prozac there are natural remedies such as the Feliway Product Line.

Cats communicate using various methods. Most owners enjoy listening to the chirps and trills of their pet as it sits in the window watching birds. However, when the same pet notices a strange cat on its lawn and expresses its anger by hissing and spraying the window sill, that form of communicating is one that owners don’t want repeated. With some hard detective work on your part, you might be able to problem solve the cause of your cat’s spraying behavior. Working with your vet, you should be able to solve the problem in a way that makes everyone happy.

To Your Pet’s Good Health,

Dr. Barry

Sources:

http://www.petplace.com/article/cats/behavior-training/understanding-your-cat/why-do-cats-spray

https://www.petmd.com/cat/behavior/why-do-cats-spray

Cat Owner’s Home Veterinary Handbook, D. Eldredge, D. Carlson, L. Carlson, J. Giffin, 2008, Wiley Publishing Co.

Maintaining Healthy ears in your dog

Our pet's ear's, unlike our own, can be big, small, fuzzy, drooping, spotted or really any shape or size and be considered adorable and adds a lovable quality. Unfortunately, the inner ear does not receive as much attention, infact, ears are one of several body parts we think of as being self cleaning and require no maintenance.

Maintaining the overall health of your dog should include the routine inspection of their ears.  For most dogs, their ears never present a concern but for certain breeds, especially those with allergic dermatitis like the Boxer, Shih Tzu and West Highland Terrier, or those with drooping ears, such as spaniels, Irish Setters and Basset Hounds, and those dogs who are lovers of water are prone to developing long term ear concerns.  By maintaining a routine inspection of your pet’s ears you will be able to recognize a problem early and have your veterinarian diagnose and treat the condition before it escalates.

Allowing a simple case of excess wax build up or water in the ear canal, which can both be treated with over the counter ear cleaning solutions, to go unchecked can lead to ear infections, severe pain, balance problems, hematomas (the ear flap filling up with blood due to excessive head shaking) and even deafness.

In order to prevent these long term problems from occurring, a simple once a month inspection of your pet’s ear is in order.  Gently lift your dog’s ear and look (and smell) inside.  The inner ear flap and canal should be pink and clean.  There shouldn’t be any discharge or redness, swelling or odor.  If you notice any of these it’s time to call your veterinarian who can diagnose the situation before it leads to long term damage.

Cleaning your dog’s ears is a simple procedure, however there are a few things to avoid.

1. Do NOT use alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or vinegar to clean your dog’s ear canal.These products will dry out the canal but they can also take it to the extreme, causing more problems in the process.There are veterinary products designed to clean the ear canal as well as those that dry the canal.There are even products which have ingredients to do both.Ask your veterinarian which she recommends.
2. Do NOT use a cotton swab (Q-tip™) in your dog’s ear canal as these have a tendency to pack any built up wax, further into the canal, causing more damage and could even puncture the ear drum if inserted too far.

In order to clean the ear properly, follow these simple steps.

1. Put on an apron or smock or clothing you don’t mind getting a little messy.You’ll understand why in a moment.
2. Lift up the flap of the ear and add the appropriate cleaning solution.Be careful not to let the tip of the solution container to touch the ear or the ear canal, as this could contaminate the solution inside.Fill the canal until it is nearly overflowing.
3. While holding the ear flap up, massage the base of the ear for 30 seconds.You will hear a “squishing” sound.That’s good.That is the sound of the solution loosening up any wax and debris in the canal.
4. Allow your dog to shake his head.This is why you are wearing the apron/smock/old clothes.Letting him shake his head will allow the loosened wax and debris to work its way up and out of the canal
5. Use absorbent gauze to wipe up the loosened debris from inside the ear.Don’t clean farther into the canal than you can put a finger and don’t use cotton or paper towels as these both can leave behind fibers leading to more irritation.
6. Reward your dog with a treat and then repeat this with the other ear.

By performing routine inspection and cleaning of your dog’s ears you can prevent long term problems, but occasionally you may find there has been a change in the appearance of your dog’s ears.  As soon as you notice any change in the color, any discharge or odor, contact your veterinarian for a detailed ear exam.

A few simple tests, such as a microscopic exam of the discharge will determine if your dog has ear mites or a yeast infection.  An otoscope exam (a device to look into the ear canal) can show inflammation, excessive wax buildup that hasn’t been removed and even foreign objects or masses in the ear canal.  Your veterinarian may also need to perform a tissue biopsy or even take an X-Ray depending on the initial exam.

By knowing what your dog’s ears “normally” look like you have a greater chance at catching changes in their appearance early enough to prevent long term damage.  Besides routine inspection, for those breeds that require it, the simple monthly cleaning of the ear canal we detailed, is appropriate with the product recommended by your veterinarian.  Following these steps will help your dog enjoy the quality of life you want and expect him to have.

To Your Pet's Good Health,

Dr. Barry

Sources:

https://petswebmd.com/dogs/dogs-disharge/ear

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/instructions-for-ear-cleaning-in-dogs

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/dog-ear-infectio

DIY e-collar pet Halloween costume | Flower

Halloween is quickly approaching! Are you in need of a fun, creative costume for your pet? Check out this easy DIY Halloween flower costume using an e-collar and a few other supplies.

Supplies you will need:
- Felt or fleece in any colors you like
- Fabric glue
- Scissors
- Cardboard to creat a template for petals
- Permanent marker
- E-Collar

Step 1: Measure the needed length of petal to cover your E-Collar, then draw the petal(s) on the cardboard. Cut your flower petal(s) out of cardboard. 

Step 2: With a permanent marker and the cardboard petal template, trace your petals onto the fleece or felt then cut out. The number of petals needed will depend on the size of your e-collar.



Step 3: Arrange and glue petals onto the e-collar, creating three layers. Don't position petals with much overlap over the e-collar or the fabric will not stand upright. 
 

  
Step 4: Let glue dry completely then try out your pet's new flower Halloween costume! (Do not leave your pet unattended while wearing their costume)




  **Please consult your veterinarian when sizing your pet for an e-collar.**

Tips for a spookily safe Halloween

Dealing with Itchy Itches: Not so Innocent

It often starts with a simple itch!  An irritation that has to be nibbled at and licked until, before you know it, your pet’s itchy spot has turned into an oozing, red, painful patch of bare skin. Quick to develop, hot spots are a nuisance!

Acute Moist Dermatitis, commonly referred to as a Hot Spot, and is also known as a type of pyoderma, is a localized skin infection that can occur anywhere on the body and often in more than one area. Hot spots are often triggered by scratching, licking, or chewing the affected area. The resulting trauma to the skin causes inflammation and secondary bacterial infections. Unfortunately, this self-trauma only makes the area itchier, which causes a self-perpetuating cycle of itching and scratching.  While warm and humid weather seems to be the catalyst, any time of the year a hot spot can appear if your pet constantly licks and chews at their skin.

In small animal veterinary practices, pyoderma is one of the leading reasons for a Veterinarian to prescribe systemic antimicrobial agents.1 Pyoderma in dogs is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius with other staphylococci being involved in less than 10% of cases.2,3 These superficial infections are rarely life-threatening but can significantly increase canine morbidity, leading to decreases in quality of life through subsequent pain, inflammation and pruritus.

CAUSES OF HOT SPOTS

The underlying cause of a hot spot can be anything that triggers an itch. If the itching turns into severe scratching and chewing, the resulting damage to the surface of the skin will prompt rapid bacterial growth. The more damage, the more bacteria, and the greater the itch. Further scratching helps to progressively worsen the hot spot, and the affected area will enlarge quickly. It is a painful cycle for your pet.

Possible causes of hot spots, include: 

• Skin parasites, such as fleas and mites
• Allergies, including food, contact, and airborne
• Insect bites or stings
• Ear infections
• Grooming problems, including hair that is matted or tangled or skin that is dirty
• Psychological issues, such as boredom, anxiety, or depression
• Medical conditions resulting in pain that causes the animal to lick and bite an area.

Hot spots can be found on any dog or cat, but the following dog breeds seem more susceptible: Newfoundlands, Pyrenees, and Golden Retrievers or any other dog that have heavy and hairy ears or animals with thick coats and long hair.

SYMPTOMS OF HOT SPOTS

A hot spot can often begin as a small red area that you may mistake for an insect bite. But unlike an insect bite, a hot spot will rapidly worsen and spread, developing into a hot, red, oozing, and painful lesion. Hot spots are very painful, and may cause the animal to be easily irritated or lash out uncharacteristically. 

The signs of hot spots include:

• Intense itching
• Sudden onset of a warm, painful and swollen patch of skin that enlarges quickly
• Lesion that exudes pus and has a foul smell
• Rapid loss of hair in the area of the lesion.

How to Treat a Hot Spot or Bacterial Skin Infection

The steps to treat an animal with a hot spot typically involve the following:

• Clip any hair that is over the hot spot. Trimming the hair back will let air reach the area to dry it out and also expose the entire surface area of the hot spot lesion
• Clean the lesion with a mild antiseptic wash. Washing with a mild antiseptic will help to clear the infection from the lesion by removing any surface bacteria and discharge
•  Allow the skin to dry thoroughly
• Apply a topical antibiotic/anti-inflammatory ointment, such as an antibiotic steroid cream or powder. Antibiotics will reach the infection in the deeper skin layers. The anti-inflammatory most often prescribed is cortisone, which reduces the itching and discomfort, and stops the animal from scratching and causing further damage to its skin
• If the animal continues to traumatize the area, the veterinarian may prescribe an Elizabethan collar

Research Shows that One Product is Better than the rest

The increasing phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance has been documented in the veterinary literature, prompting the need for alternative therapies to systemic drugs.4–6

To avoid contributing to antimicrobial resistance, Research suggests a shift away from systemic antibiotic use, which can be associated with bacterial resistance, towards the use of topical antiseptics that have different modes of action.

Previous studies have evaluated the antimicrobial effects of topical sprays and shampoos; however, these products are not always practical for owners to apply, especially if the dog has a very long or dense coat. As a result, alternative application formats such as mousses have been developed.

The purpose in one study, was to evaluate the residual antibacterial activity of five different mousse products against S. pseudintermedius (the most common bacterial infection with hot spots) in vitro after in vivo application on canine hairs. In this study Researchers found that treating dogs with the 5 different mousses had surprising results. Some mousses had no effect on the dog’s skin bacterial count and others had some decrease but only ONE had the best results even after 14 days compared to the dog’s skin before treatment.  So, what was the best product:

DOUXO Chlorhexidine PS Plus Climbazole Mousse 200 ml

Click here to learn more: https://vetapprovedrx.pharmacy/douxo-chlorhexidine-ps-plus-climbazole-mousse-200-ml.html

PREVENTION

The following information may help your pet from experiencing the discomfort of hot spots:

• When the weather is hot and humid, thoroughly dry the coat of your pet after they have had a bath or have been swimming
• Good grooming practices should be followed. For example:
  • Comb and brush coat regularly to remove tangles, prevent matting, and get rid of any foreign debris that may cause an irritation to the skin
  • A simple solution, bathe your pet when dirty
• Use flea and tick control preventives regularly
• Routinely wash bedding
• Deter your pet from licking.

Licking an itch seems like a harmless thing to let your pet do, after all we as humans are known to scratch at an itch too. We can relate. But when a pet repeatedly licks and scratches the same area they are prone to painful, swollen and sometimes infected skin areas as a consequence. Hot spots are an itchy and painful problem for your dog or cat, and may become a recurring issue if the underlying condition is not addressed. So it is best to discuss with and bring to the attention of your Veterinarian any area of skin you feel your pet can not stop itching, biting or scratching. Fortunately, with good management, your dog’s hot spot will resolve quickly and will not result in any permanent damage.

To your pet’s good health,

Dr. Barry

Sources

http://www.akc.org/content/health/articles/treating-and-preventing-hot-spots-on-dogs/

http://www.wideopenpets.com/3-common-skin-parasites-dogs-cats/ 

Residual antibacterial activity of canine hair treated with five mousse products against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in vitro Sara J. Ramos* , Michelle Woodward*, Sarrah M. Hopp

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/treating-and-preventing-hot-spots-on-dogs/

COMMON ‘SILENT’ CAT KILLING DISEASES

Recently, I had a mysterious case of a 1 Year old cat that had suddenly fallen ill with diarrhea, vomiting and was drinking excessive amounts of water.  The bloodwork showed distressed kidneys with elevated BUN and creatinine levels.  Typically, kidney disease is an older cat disease so the fact this cat was only 1 year old was very atypical.  While discussing the bloodwork with the family they mentioned that someone in their family had recently passed away. And that’s when it struck me!  I asked them if they brought any plants or flowers back to their home after the funeral, the answer was yes.  This confirmed one of the two possibilities I was considering as the cause of kidney failure in a young cat. Either Anti-freeze poisoning or plant toxicity.  This young cat had the opportunity to eat, drink the water from or breathe in the pollen from a Lily Plant .The Lily plant can be very toxic to cats, the leaves, the water or even the pollen are all toxic and can cause Kidney failure. So, I consider this case of Kidney failure a silent cat killer.

To protect your pets from Silent Cat Killing diseases, knowledge is your best weapon. Knowledge of how cats typically show signs of illness and a knowledge of the common diseases that like a thief in the night can cause illness and death in our furry friends. Today’s blog discusses the signs cat show when ill and four of the common and often silent diseases of cats.

Cats are best known for their independent but loving natures. When cats don't feel well it can be difficult to determine what is wrong with them, but it is especially hard for cat owners to notice symptoms unless they are watching for abnormal signs or deviations from normal behavior. By their inherent nature cats instinctively protect themselves from predators by hiding weakness or illness. There obviously may not be a predatory threat in your home but even in single pet homes this inherited behavior can be present

How to know if your cat is sick:

By the time you notice something is wrong with your cat, it might have been going on for a longer amount of time than you think. Be on the look our for these signs they do not feel well:

1. Vomiting is not normal in cats. Some people think it's ok for a cat to vomit every few days, but it's not. Things like rare vomiting or the occasional hairball are not a concern but vomiting more than this warrants a trip to the veterinarian.
2. Diarrhea 
3. Loss of appetite can be normal for cats, but it still should not be ignored.
4. Increased appetite may also be a concern, especially if it comes on suddenly in an older cat.  Increased appetite should not be ignored, even in younger cats. If nothing else, it can lead to overeating and obesity.
5. Weight changes in cats are always concerning, whether it's gain or loss
6. Lethargy is a sign of a problem, even if it's subtle. Contact your vet if your cat seems to be lying around a lot, sleeping more than usual, or just generally has a low energy level. There is probably something going on with your cat's health.
7. Increased thirst can mean many things in cats.
8. Changes in urination are always important to address.
9. Changes in breathing like wheezing rapid breathing, shortness of breath, and raspy breathing should never be ignored. Discharge from eyes or nose indicates a possible upper respiratory infection. This can make your cat feel ill and stop eating. It may be contagious to other cats in your home. Your vet may recommend medications to help your cat recover faster.
10. Ear debris or discharge might mean your cat has an ear infection or even parasites like ear mites.
11. Skin irritation or hair loss may be a sign of allergies, external parasites, or another skin condition.
12. Increased vocalization may mean your cat is sick, in pain, stressed or just bored. It's important to rule out a health issue first before you explore the behavioral side of this issue.
13. Overgrooming may be behavioral, but it could also mean your cat has a skin issue or is in pain. If you notice overgrooming, start with a vet visit to try to get to the root of the problem.
14. Personality changes may be normal when they happen over time, especially as your cat ages. However, if your normally friendly cat is showing aggression, or your happy, confident cat is suddenly acting afraid, there is a need to further explore with your vet. If your cat seems confused or disoriented, then its an even more urgent situation.
15. Limping and trouble jumping up are signs of an injury or a condition like arthritis.
16. Swelling in any area of the body should not be ignored. It may be a wound that has turned into an abscess. It could even be a tumor.
17. Bad breath or drooling and bleeding from the mouth.

 4 Common Silent Diseases:

1.  High Blood Pressure or Hypertension 

High blood pressure can be the primary cause of several health issues within cats. Because obvious clinical signs are not always present, it also can be easily overlooked. The best time to diagnose high blood pressure is before any type of damage is done, and the only way to achieve that is during regular visits. 

Hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, hepatic and cardiac insufficiency, hyperadrenocorticism, neoplasia and obesity are just a few of the many diseases that can cause high blood pressure in cats. There are also certain drugs that can have the same effect, including phenylpropanolamine (PPA), phenylephrine, theophylline, aminophylline, glucocorticoids, erythropoietin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

The most common symptom of hypertension in cats is abnormality with vision, including dilated pupils that do not constrict with light, blood in the eye and blindness. Other clinical signs of high blood pressure in cats can include:

• Decreased/increased appetite
• Vomiting
• Increased urination and water consumption
• Weight loss
• Heart murmur
• Seizures
• Abnormal behavior
• Collapse
• Proteinuria
• Hematuria

2.Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) sometimes called chronic renal failure or chronic kidney injury, is a top silent killer of cats. CKD causes a 75 percent failure of both the kidneys. All symptoms are observable, symptoms include excessive drinking and urinating, larger bowel movements, weight loss, bad breath, lethargy and hiding.

Common causes of kidney disease in cats include:

• Bacterial infection of kidney tissues (pyelonephritis)
• Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)
• Blockage of the kidney (ureteral obstruction with hydronephrosis)
• Household toxins like antifreeze or medications or plants/flowers
• Damage to tubules (tubulointerstitial disease)
• Damage to filters (glomerular disease)
• Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), an inflammatory disease commonly found in domestic and wild cats
• Cancer
• Heredity

3.Diabetes Mellitus

Just as in human beings, diabetes mellitus (DM) is more common in cats that are overweight or obese. There are also two types. The most common symptoms in cats are increased thirst and urination, but other symptoms include hunger, weight loss, lethargy, depression and vomiting.

Because the symptoms of this disease are very similar to those of other diseases, such as kidney disease or hyperthyroidism, diagnosis most often comes from careful examination and charting of symptoms over time. For that reason, it is important to have regular wellness visits as they are crucial to the ongoing care and health of your cat.

4.Cancer

Gastrointestinal cancer is the most common type found in cats, but veterinarians are finding more and more occurrences of cancer in pets as cats and dogs are starting to live longer. Here are a few tips to lower your cats’ risk of dying from cancer:

1. Spay. it lowers the risk of developing mammary adenocarcinoma.
2. Keep cats inside. Indoor cats typically live longer than outdoor cats because it limits the amount of potential dangers, but it also keeps them out of the sun, protecting them against squamous cell cancer on their ears, nose and eyelids.
3. Pay attention. This means learning the potential symptoms and looking out for them.

Never underestimate the importance of routine veterinary care for cats. Annual veterinary exams are essential for cats even senior cats that never go outside and appear healthy.  Senior cats can benefit from biannual check-ups and routine lab work and if you suspect your cat is showing signs of illness it is very important to see your Veterinarian. Annual exams or visits for a suspected illness give the vet an opportunity to examine your cat when he appears healthy or the chance to find abnormalities on the exam that indicate a minor problem before your cat becomes sick. Early detection might mean you and your vet can take action before the illness is serious. I think sometimes my clients bring their pets for an exam and wonder if they were foolish for doing so if the exam finds nothing wrong.  This is not the case; it is far better to know for sure that nothing is wrong than wait and then find out disease is present, and it is at a stage much more costly and difficult to treat!

To Your Pet’s Good Health,

Dr. Barry

Sources

http://veterinarycalendar.dvm360.com/high-blood-pressure-cats-silent-killer-proceedings

http://www.pethealthnetwork.com/cat-health/cat-checkups-preventive-care/5-silent-killers-cats

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/hypertension-or-high-blood-pressure-in-cats

http://www.pethealthnetwork.com/cat-health/cat-diseases-conditions-a-z/10-common-causes-kidney-disease-cats

http://www.pethealthnetwork.com/cat-health/cat-diseases-conditions-a-z/diabetes-mellitus-cats

http://www.pethealthnetwork.com/cat-health/cat-diseases-conditions-a-z/cancer-and-cats-what-every-pet-parent-should-know

https://www.thesprucepets.com/signs-your-cat-is-sick-4165142